National Commission on Indigenous Peoples

.title[
# National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
]
.subtitle[
## A comprehensive look at the budget, 2018-2026
]
.date[
### July 2026
]

---

# Section 1 of 3: The Scale of the Budget

### Scale, composition, and the largest lines

---

## Executive summary

- **NCIP's enacted budget has nearly doubled** -- from PHP 968M (2018 GAA) to a proposed PHP 1,804M (2026): about +86% over eight years, or ~8% a year.
- **The agency keeps moving.** It sat under the **Other Executive Offices (OEOs)**, shifted **under DSWD for FY 2019-2024**, then **returned to the OEOs (FY 2025-2026)** -- and adopted a **new P/A/P structure in 2025**. Every trend line below hides these breaks.
- **FY 2025 is the anomaly.** Congress enacted PHP 1,202M against a PHP 1,600M proposal -- a **-25% cut that hit every program** and zeroed out capital outlay -- before FY 2026 rebounded to a record PHP 1,804M.
- **A people-heavy agency.** Personnel Services run **54-71% of the budget**; capital outlay is small and intermittent (PHP 0 in the FY 2025 GAA).
- **Administration is nearly half the budget.** In FY 2026, General Management (PHP 435M) and Policy/Planning (PHP 399M) together are **46%** -- almost as much as all field operations combined.
- **Execution is high on an all-funds basis.** Obligation rates run **92-99%**; cash disbursement-to-allotment is lower (**84-97%**), dipping to ~86% in 2024.

---

## A few notes on the data

- **Period:** FY 2018 through FY 2026 for the proposed (NEP) and enacted (GAA) budget. Execution data (Allotments, Obligations, Disbursements) covers FY 2011-2025.
- **Two bases, not comparable.** NEP/GAA figures are **current-year new appropriations only**. The execution figures are DBM's **published agency aggregates, which lump together all available funds** -- new, automatic, and continuing appropriations. Do not read them one-to-one.
- **No P/A/P-level execution.** Usable FAR No. 1 records were unavailable for NCIP, so absorption is shown only at the **agency level**, not by program.
- **Two reorganizations.** NCIP's *mother agency* changed (OEOs -> DSWD -> OEOs) and its *P/A/P structure* was re-cut in 2025. Program names before and after 2025 do not line up.
- **Expense classes:** PS (Personnel Services), MOOE (Maintenance & Other Operating Expenses), CO (Capital Outlays). NCIP carries no Financial Expenses.
- **Units:** all figures in **PHP millions** unless noted.

---

## Two reorganizations inside one budget window

**Read every chart that follows with these breaks in mind** -- continuity of program lines is the exception, not the rule.

---

## Big picture: the budget keeps growing

---

## Big picture: a few takeaways

- **Steady growth during the DSWD years** (FY 2019-2024 GAA grew ~9.5%/yr), then a sharp enacted drop in FY 2025 and a record rebound in FY 2026.
- **Congress mostly stayed within a few percent of the proposal** -- except FY 2018 (-15%) and FY 2025 (-25%).
- **The FY 2026 proposal (PHP 1,727M) was raised to PHP 1,804M by Congress** -- the largest enacted budget in the series.

---

## Where Congress adjusts the budget

---

## The FY 2025 cut hit everything

<table class="table table-condensed table-striped" style="font-size: 15px; color: black; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th style="text-align:left;"> Program (2025 structure) </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> NEP </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> GAA </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> Cut </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> Cut % </th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
<tbody>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> IP Governance &amp; Empowerment (2025-) </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 443 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 407 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -37 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -8% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> General Administration and Support </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 411 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 296 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -115 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -28% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Support to Operations </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 369 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 246 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -123 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -33% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Domain/Land Recognition &amp; Dev't (2025-) </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 199 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 112 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -86 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -43% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> IP Human Rights, Legal &amp; Basic Svcs (2025-) </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 141 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 110 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -32 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -23% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> IP Cultural Services (2025-) </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 36 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 31 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -5 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> -13% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Ancestral Domain Recognition (2018-24) </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;">  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Rights, Legal &amp; Adjudication (2018-24) </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;">  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Socio-economic &amp; Cultural Services (2018-24) </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;"> 0 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;color: rgba(217, 95, 2, 255) !important;">  </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

**The reduction was broad, not targeted** -- roughly -25% across administration, support, and every operating program, with capital outlay zeroed. FY 2025 was also the transition year (return to the OEOs + the new P/A/P structure), so part of this may be a budget caught mid-reorganization rather than a deliberate deprioritization. **Which reading do you find more convincing?**

---

## Which P/A/Ps does Congress augment?

.small[
Cumulative across FY 2018-2026. The pattern is consistent: Congress **cuts NCIP's administrative and policy lines** (Policy formulation & planning, General Management) and **redirects toward direct services** -- IP Education & Advocacy and culturally-appropriate/gender-responsive services -- rather than changing the topline much.
]

---

# Section 2 of 3: Where the Money Goes

### Programs, expense classes, and the largest lines

---

## Composition by PREXC program

---

## Composition by expense class

---

## The largest P/A/Ps (FY 2026 GAA)

---

## The new program architecture (FY 2025 onward)

<table class="table table-condensed table-striped" style="font-size: 16px; color: black; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th style="text-align:left;"> Original operating programs (&lt;= 2024) </th>
   <th style="text-align:left;"> Restructured operating programs (2025 -&gt;) </th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
<tbody>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Ancestral Domain Recognition </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Domain/Land Recognition, Management &amp; Development </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Socio-economic &amp; Cultural Services </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> IP Governance &amp; Empowerment Services </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> Rights, Legal &amp; Adjudication </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> IP Human Rights, Legal &amp; Basic Social Services </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;">  </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> IP Cultural Services </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;">  </td>
   <td style="text-align:left;">  </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

.small[
- The operating side was re-cut from **three programs into four**, reorganized around **domain/land, governance & empowerment, human rights/legal/basic services, and culture**.
- Because labels changed, pre- and post-2025 program lines should be **bridged with care** rather than compared directly.
- The two support programs -- **General Administration & Support** and **Support to Operations** -- carry through both regimes unchanged.
]

---

# Section 3 of 3: Does NCIP Spend What It Receives?

### Budget execution, FY 2011-2025 (agency aggregate, all funds)

---

## Execution over time

---

## Absorptive capacity

---

## Execution at a glance

<table class="table table-condensed table-striped" style="font-size: 14px; color: black; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th style="text-align:left;"> Year </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> Allotments </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> Obligations </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> Disbursements </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> O/A </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> D/O </th>
   <th style="text-align:right;"> D/A </th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
<tbody>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2016 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,041 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 967 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 869 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 92.9% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 89.8% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 83.5% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2017 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,320 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,251 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,212 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 94.8% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 96.9% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 91.8% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2018 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,108 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,092 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,049 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 98.6% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 96.1% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 94.7% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2019 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,109 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,104 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,021 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 99.6% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 92.5% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 92.1% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2020 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,052 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,036 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,018 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 98.5% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 98.2% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 96.7% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2021 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,230 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,205 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,171 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 98.0% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 97.2% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 95.2% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2022 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,530 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,464 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,388 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 95.6% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 94.9% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 90.7% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2023 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,663 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,540 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,493 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 92.6% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 96.9% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 89.7% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2024 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,769 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,670 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,516 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 94.4% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 90.8% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 85.7% </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td style="text-align:left;"> 2025 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,577 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,488 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 1,436 </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 94.4% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 96.5% </td>
   <td style="text-align:right;"> 91.1% </td>
  </tr>
</tbody>
</table>

.small[
PHP millions, all-funds basis. **O/A** = obligations to allotment; **D/O** = disbursements to obligations; **D/A** = disbursements to allotment. NCIP generally obligates almost everything released to it; the gap that opens up is between obligating and actually paying out.
]

---

## For discussion

- **1. Scale vs. mandate.** NCIP's enacted budget (~PHP 1.8B for 2026) is a rounding error in the national budget, yet IPRA tasks it with recognizing ancestral domains covering millions of hectares and serving millions of people. Is this commensurate with the mandate?

- **2. Administration vs. delivery.** In FY 2026, General Management (PHP 435M) and Policy/Planning (PHP 399M) together are **46% of the budget** -- almost as much as all field operations combined. Is the overhead-to-delivery balance right?

- **3. The FY 2025 cut.** Congress cut FY 2025 by 25% below proposal, across the board, and zeroed capital outlay -- in the same year NCIP returned to the OEOs and re-cut its programs. Deliberate deprioritization, transition turbulence, or both?

- **4. The reorganization carousel.** OEOs -> DSWD -> OEOs in seven years, plus a P/A/P overhaul. What has constant institutional reshuffling cost the agency in continuity and delivery?

- **5. Where would you put the next peso?** Domain/land recognition, governance & empowerment, human rights/legal/basic services, or culture?

---

# Thank you

### National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
#### A comprehensive look at the budget, 2018-2026

.footnote[Underlying data: DBM NEP & GAA documents (current-year new appropriations, P/A/P level), FY 2018-2026; DBM-published execution aggregates (all available funds, agency level), FY 2011-2025. No FAR No. 1 (P/A/P-level execution) was available for NCIP.]